An elementary study of chemistry by McPherson William 1864-1951 & Henderson William Edwards b. 1870. joint author

Author:McPherson, William, 1864-1951 & Henderson, William Edwards, b. 1870. joint author
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Chemistry
Publisher: Boston, New York, [etc.] Ginn & company
Published: 1906-03-25T05:00:00+00:00

FLAMES, — ILLUMINANTS

215

conical in outline. It consists o£ several distinct cones, one within the other, the boundary between them being marked by drfferences of color or luminosity. In the simplest flame, of which hydrogen burning in oxygen is a good example, these cones are two in number, — an inner one, formed by unburned gas, and an outer one, usually more or less luminous, consisting of the combining gases. This outer one is in turn surrounded by a third envelope of the products of combustion; this envelope is sometimes invisible, as in the present case, but is sometimes faintly luminous. The lower part of the inner cone of the flame is quite cool and consists of unburned gas. Toward the top of the inner cone the gas has become heated to a high temperature by the burning envelope surrounding it. On reaching the supporter of combustion on the outside it is far above its kindling temperature, and '°' '

combustion follows with the evolution of much heat. The region of combustion just outside the inner cone is therefore the hottest part of the flame.

Oxidizing and reducing flames. Since the tip of the outside cone consists of very hot products of combustion mixed with oxygen from the air, a substance capable of oxidation placed in this part of the flame becomes very hot and is easily oxidized. The oxygen with which it combines comes, of course, from the atmosphere, and not from the products of combustion. This outer tip of the flame is called the oxidizing jiame.

At the tip of the inner cone the .conditions are quite different. This region consists of a highly heated combustible gas, which has not yet reached a supply of oxygen.

Download

Copyright Disclaimer:
This site does not store any files on its server. We only index and link to content provided by other sites. Please contact the content providers to delete copyright contents if any and email us, we'll remove relevant links or contents immediately.